{
  "issue_key": "vol10-no1-2025",
  "volume": 10,
  "number": 1,
  "season": "Autumn 2025",
  "year": 2025,
  "sequence": 6,
  "type": "review-article",
  "section": "Review Article",
  "title": "Factors Responsible for Suicide and Suicidal Ideation in Hungary – A Scoping Review",
  "subtitle": null,
  "slug": "factors-responsible-for-suicide-and-suicidal-ideation-in-hungary-a-scoping",
  "corporate_author": null,
  "authors": [
    {
      "given_name": "Ilias",
      "family_name": "Mahmud",
      "credentials": "Dr, PhD",
      "affiliation": "Head of Programmes and Academic Monitoring, London Churchill College; Director, LCC Research Centre",
      "email": "ilias.mahmud@lcc.ac.uk",
      "orcid": "0000-0003-2870-7715",
      "is_corresponding": true,
      "sequence": 1
    },
    {
      "given_name": "Russell",
      "family_name": "Kabir",
      "credentials": "Dr, PhD",
      "affiliation": "Non-Executive Member, London Churchill College | Associate Professor of Public Health and Biostatistics, Anglia Ruskin University",
      "email": "russell.kabir@aru.ac.uk",
      "orcid": "0000-0002-4510-0385",
      "is_corresponding": false,
      "sequence": 2
    },
    {
      "given_name": "Gabriella",
      "family_name": "Csik",
      "credentials": null,
      "affiliation": "University of Warwick, UK",
      "email": "gabriella.csik@yahoo.com",
      "orcid": null,
      "is_corresponding": false,
      "sequence": 3
    }
  ],
  "abstract": "Suicide represents a major global public health challenge, with the World Health Organisation estimating over 700,000 deaths annually worldwide. Despite being preventable, suicide rates remain alarmingly high in certain regions. Hungary has historically recorded one of the highest suicide mortality rates globally for several decades, making it a critical case study for understanding suicide risk factors. This review examines both suicide and suicidal ideation (defined as thoughts about taking one's own life, ranging from passing considerations to detailed plans) to provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing suicidal behaviour in Hungary.\n\nA scoping review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines to identify English or Hungarian-language articles published from 2000 onwards focusing on the factors responsible for suicide and suicidal ideation in Hungary. Five online databases were searched to identify eligible articles. The articles were analysed for key themes and findings.\n\nIn total, out of 1,520 articles initially identified, 29 eligible articles were selected and included in this review.\n\nThree main themes emerged from the articles: environmental context, socioeconomic and demographic factors, individual factors, and mental health. Main risk factors for women include being retired or economically inactive, widowed, divorced, or with a history of depression. Main risk factors among men are unemployment, living alone, never having been married, and addiction. Female gender, higher educational attainment, younger age, and marriage are significantly associated with lowered suicide risk. There is a significant association between seasonality and suicide rates, with a peak in late June-early July.\n\nThis review mapped the existing literature on the factors responsible for suicide and suicidal ideation in Hungary. This review highlighted the need for further research investigating the relationship between specific factors and suicide in the country. There are no available full-text studies that focus on suicide among groups of minorities, access to healthcare, and there is a lack of longitudinal studies.",
  "keywords": [
    "Suicide",
    "Suicidal ideation",
    "Scoping review",
    "Hungary"
  ],
  "first_page": 16,
  "last_page": 51,
  "pdf_start": 16,
  "pdf_end": 51,
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  ],
  "notes": [],
  "figures": [
    {
      "kind": "figure",
      "file": "figures/fig-01-p20.png",
      "caption": "Figure 1. PRISMA diagram – flow chart of articles identified, screened, and included.",
      "pdf_page": 20,
      "text_in_image": "Identification of studies via databases and registers | Identification: Records identified through online database search (n = 1520) • Embase (n = 552) • PubMed (n = 365) • Web of Science (n = 299) • Scopus (n = 257) • CINAHL Complete (n = 47) → Records removed before screening (n = 854): • Articles published before 2020 (n = 162) • Articles not in English or Hungarian (n = 17) • Duplicate records (n = 675) | Screening: Records screened (n = 666) → Records excluded manually in Rayyan (n = 456): • Conference/poster abstract (n = 66) • No link to article (n = 19) • Not focusing on suicide factors and/or not Hungary (n = 371); Records assessed for eligibility (n = 210) → Records excluded manually in Rayyan (n = 181): • Not original studies (n = 122) • No access to full text/abstract only (n = 59) | Included: Articles included in the review (n = 29)"
    }
  ],
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    "html": "index.html",
    "body_markdown": "body.md",
    "pdf": "article.pdf"
  },
  "word_count": 5869,
  "conversion_warnings": [
    "Appendix 1 (PDF pp.31-51, landscape, header repeated on each page) rebuilt as ONE merged 8-column pipe table from the live text (29 rows; rows split across pages re-joined; words broken across cell lines re-joined, e.g. \"antidepressan/t\"). Line breaks inside cells are not preserved (list-like cells such as Population/setting and Main factors now read as run-on text). No \"Appendix 1\" heading or caption is printed; the \"## Appendix 1\" heading was added editorially.",
    "Appendix 1 text kept as printed incl. inconsistencies vs the reference list (e.g. \"Törö et al., 2009\" vs ref \"Töro\"; \"Zonda et al., 2009\" vs ref 2008; \"3-5 5-year delay\").",
    "Figure 1 (PRISMA) is a single crop of p.20; body text calls it \"Figure 3\" and the diagram says \"before 2020\" where the text says 2000 (author errors, left as printed).",
    "Table 1 (p.18) rebuilt as a pipe table approximating the printed layout (AND connectors between columns); check readability.",
    "References: no DOIs are printed; printed typos left as is (e.g. \";Relationship ... Hungary].’\", \"Töro, K, et al (2009), Relationship\"). The sentence \"Details of the articles ... Appendix 1\" printed after the reference list was moved into the body."
  ],
  "manifest_notes": "Scoping review. Title 2 lines 12pt bold (second line '– A Scoping Review', could be treated as subtitle). Byline on article: 'Dr Ilias Mahmud; Dr Russell Kabir; Gabriella Csik' — contents omits Gabriella Csik and gives 'Ilias Mahmud, PhD and Dr Russell Kabir, PhD'. Keywords pipe-separated: 'Keywords: Suicide | Suicidal ideation | Scoping review | Hungary'. Table 1 (search terms) p.18 and Table 2 (eligibility criteria) p.19, vector-ruled, captions 11pt regular above. Figure 1 PRISMA flow diagram on p.20 is built from 11 small raster boxes with overlaid live text (box text will extract as loose lines; best rendered as an image of the region y~347-744); its caption 'Figure 1.  PRISMA diagram – flow chart of articles identified, screened, and included.' is 11pt BOLD at the top of p.21 and must not be detected as a heading. Body text refers to it as 'Figure 3' and the PRISMA box says 'before 2020' where the text says 2000 (author errors; leave as is). 'References' heading here is 12pt bold (pp.27-30). Last line of p.30: 'Details of the articles included in this review are presented in Appendix 1 on the following pages.' APPENDIX 1 = pdf pp.31-51: LANDSCAPE pages (842x596), one long 8-column table (First Author and Year | Population/setting | Location | Main factors | Study method | Data sources | Main findings | Key limitation), header row repeated on every page (dedupe), no 'Appendix 1' heading printed, running footer at y~550, words split across cell lines ('Antidepressan' / 't use'). Many Hungarian diacritics (Bálint, Döme, Öngyilkosság, Tímea, Töro).",
  "source": {
    "pdf": "vol10-no1-2025.pdf",
    "ocr": false
  },
  "reviewed": true
}